Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Sports Management, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili , Ardabil, Iran
2
PhD student in Sports Management, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
3
Department of Sports Management, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
4
Assistant Professor Department of Managment Azad University Astara
10.22098/ael.2025.16322.1508
Abstract
Background and Objective: In physical education classes, students may exhibit verbal and physical behaviors that create tension in the classroom. The objective of the present research is to identify the factors influencing the reduction of physical and verbal violence among students during school physical education hours.
research methodology: This study, which was conducted in 2024, used the prospective (Glaser) approach to combine diverse data. The research population included school principals, physical education teachers, and faculty members of the sports psychology department, faculty members of the sports management department, students, and parents who were selected purposefully. To collect data, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted to reach theoretical saturation. In order to validate the results, reliability was examined through coding with the cooperation of experts, and the percentage of agreement between coders was 75%. The coding steps were performed in Maxqda software. Finally, a conceptual model was extracted from the qualitative analyses.
Findings: The findings indicate that, following a step-by-step coding process according to Glaser's method, a total of 77 initial codes were derived, categorized into three broad themes: internal dimensions, external dimensions, and education and cultural awareness. These were further grouped into seven concepts: individual factors, family factors, the role of schools, the role of physical education teachers, the role of peers, educational dimensions, and educational approaches.
Conclusion: Educating on the importance of respecting rules, teaching communication skills, and anger management through educational programs has significant effects on reducing violence.
Keywords
Main Subjects
)