عناصر یادگیری مشارکتی و نقش آن‌ها در پرورش مهارت‌های رهبری دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی: یک مطالعه چند روشی با استفاده از فراترکیب و گروه کانونی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران.

2 گروه روشها و‌برنامه ریزی آموزشی و‌درسی دانشگاه تهران

3 گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران.

10.22098/ael.2023.13278.1308

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: علیرغم اینکه از یادگیری مشارکتی به‌عنوان یک رویکرد فعال استقبال شده، اطلاعات کاملی در مورد نقش آن در پرورش مهارت‌های رهبری دانش­آموزان وجود ندارد.
روش‌شناسی پژوهش: این مطالعه که با رویکرد چندروشی انجام شد، این شکاف تحقیقاتی مورد واکاوی قرار گرفت. ابتدا از طریق مطالعه فراترکیب، داده‌های اولیه گرداوری و تحلیل شدند و‌ سپس با استفاده از روش گروه کانونی داده­ها تکمیل، اصلاح و رواسازی شدند. میدان پژوهش در بخش فراترکیب 5200 سند علمی بود که تعداد 32 سند با توجه به زبان، سال انتشار، چکیده و متن، نوع سند و روش پژوهش به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند و سپس با استفاده از برنامه مهارت‌های ارزیابی حیاتی (CASP) انتخاب و وارد مرحله تحلیل شدند. در مرحله تحلیل داده­ها از نرم‌افزار Atlas/ti استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد وابستگی درونی مثبت به‌عنوان یکی از عناصر یادگیری مشارکتی مهارت‌هایی نظیر محبوبیت، همدلی و همکاری را پرورش می‌دهند. پاسخگویی، مهارت‌ عزت‌نفس و احترام به حقوق دیگران را بهبود می‌بخشد و مهارت‌ بین فردی به‌عنوان سومین عنصر یادگیری مشارکتی در توسعه مهارت‌های ارتباطی و اجتماعی مؤثر است و مهارت حل مسئله و حل تعارض را در دانش آموزان تقویت می‌کند. این سه عنصر که با عناصر پنجگانه نظریه وابستگی متقابل اجتماعی انطباق پیدا می‌کنند ابعاد تازه‌ای از پرورش مهارت‌های رهبری در دانش آموزان را آشکار می‌سازند.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این مطالعه می‌تواند مورد توجه سیاست‌گذاران اجتماعی قرار گیرد و رهبران آموزشی را ترغیب کند تا از طریق آشناکردن معلمان با یادگیری مشارکتی زمینه اجرا در کلاس درس را فراهم سازند. همچنین می‌تواند‌ انگیزه معلمان را برای استفاده از یادگیری مشارکتی افزایش دهد و والدین را ترغیب کند تا در فرآیند اجرا از معلمان حمایت کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Cooperative learning elements and their role in developing leadership skills of primary school students: a multi-method study using meta-synthesis and focus group

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fahimeh Ansarizadeh 1
  • Mohammad Reza Keramati 2
  • Seyfollah Fazlollahi khomshi 3
1 . Ph.D. Student in Educational administration, Faculty of humanities, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran.
2 University of Tehran
3 Department of Educational Sciences, Department of Curriculum developmet, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran.
چکیده [English]

. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive information regarding the various elements of cooperative learning and their impact on developing students' leadership skills. This knowledge gap needs to be addressed in order to enhance the effectiveness of cooperative learning in fostering leadership abilities among students.

Hence, in this study, a comprehensive examination was conducted employing a multi-method approach that incorporated two meta-synthesis methods and focus groups. Initially, primary data was collected and analyzed through a meta-synthesis study. Subsequently, the data underwent completion, expansion, modification, and standardization using the focus group method. The meta-synthesis section encompassed a comprehensive review of 5200 scientific documents, including articles, books, and treatises. From this vast pool, a sample of 32 articles was selected for further analysis using the Critical Assessment Skills Program (CASP). During the data analysis stage, we utilized the Atlas T software to examine the results. The findings revealed that positive internal dependence, a key element of Cooperative learning, plays a significant role in nurturing essential skills such as popularity, empathy, and cooperation. Additionally, accountability was identified as a factor that enhances self-esteem and fosters respect for others' rights. Furthermore, the interpersonal skill, which is the third element of cooperative learning, was found to be effective in developing communication and social skills, as well as strengthening problem-solving and conflict resolution abilities in students. These three elements align with social interdependence theory and offer new perspectives on cultivating leadership skills among students.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cooperative learning elements
  • focus group
  • leadership skills
  • meta-synthesis
  • primary school students

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 مهر 1402

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