شناسایی راهکارهای یادگیرنده‌سازی فضای کالبدی مدارس از دیدگاه مدیران (مدارس ابتدایی دخترانه ناحیه دو شهر اهواز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت آموزشی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

10.22098/ael.2025.16766.1544

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: فضای کالبدی مدارس، نقشی اساسی در فرآیند یادگیری و رشد همه‌جانبه دانش‌آموزان ایفا می‌کند و توجه به طراحی یادگیرنده‌محور این فضاها به‌ویژه در مدارس ابتدایی اهمیت فزاینده‌ای یافته است. هدف این پژوهش کیفی، شناسایی راهکارهای یادگیرنده‌سازی فضای کالبدی مدارس ابتدایی دخترانه در ناحیه دو شهر اهواز از دیدگاه مدیران مدارس است.
روش‌شناسی پژوهش:
این پژوهش با رویکرد کیفی و به روش تحلیل مضمون براساس مدل شش‌مرحله‌ای براون و کلارک انجام شده است. از نظر هدف، پژوهش کاربردی است؛ از نظر ماهیت، کیفی؛ و از نظر شیوه اجرا، میدانی است. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه مدیران مدارس ابتدایی دخترانه ناحیه دو اهواز در سال تحصیلی ۱۴۰۲–۱۴۰۳ بود. نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت هدفمند و به روش زنجیره‌ای تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری انجام شد و با ۲۱ نفر از مدیران مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته صورت گرفت. سؤالات مصاحبه از لحاظ روایی صوری و محتوایی توسط متخصصان بررسی و اصلاح شد. برای سنجش پایایی تحلیل داده‌ها، از روش توافق بین کدگذاران استفاده شد که با مقایسه ۳۰ درصد از داده‌ها توسط پژوهشگر دوم، میزان توافق ۸۵٪ به‌دست آمد. داده‌ها پس از کدگذاری و تحلیل، در قالب شش دسته راهکار شامل رشد جسمانی، رشد اجتماعی، رشد ذهنی، رشد عاطفی، ایجاد شرایط محیطی مطلوب و ارتقای آموزش و یادگیری سازمان‌دهی شد.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته‌ها، مهم‌ترین مبنای راهکارهای ارائه شده از جانب مدیران مدارس توجه به کلیه عوامل اثرگذار بر رشد جسمانی، اجتماعی، ذهنی و عاطفی و آموزش و یادگیری دانش‌آموزان است و این راهکارها عبارت‌اند از توجه به نقش فعال یادگیرنده، تسهیل یادگیری  باتوجه ‌به  تنوع مواد و منابع یادگیری، استفاده از رنگ‌های شاد، توجه به محوطه‌سازی و انعطاف‌پذیری فضا، ایجاد محیط‌های اجتماعی غیررسمی، توجه به  دما، تهویه، نور و سروصدا، معماری داخلی و چیدمان کلاس، فضاهای بازی، فضاهای شــخصی، فضای عمومی یادگیری.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: فضای کالبدی محیط‌های آموزشی تأثیر مستقیمی بر چگونگی یادگیری و کاهش مشکلات یادگیری دانش‌آموزان بر جای می‌گذارد. یک محیط آموزشی و به‌ویژه یک مدرسه ابتدایی با داشتن فضای کافی و مناسب که همسو با نیازهای  دانش‌آموزانی است که در آن محیط مشغول به تحصیل و یادگیری هستند می‌تواند بر چگونگی یادگیری و شکوفایی و پرورش استعداد آنان تأثیرگذار باشد که در‌نهایت منجر به ارتقای یادگیری در دانش‌آموزان گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying ways to make learning in the physical space of schools from the point of view of school administrators Girls' primary school (in district two of Ahvaz city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hedyeh Kordestani 1
  • Sakineh Shahi 2
  • Ali Beiramy Pour 2
1 Master of Educational Management, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective:. The physical environment of schools plays a fundamental role in the learning process and the holistic development of students. In recent years, learner-centered design of educational spaces—particularly in elementary schools—has gained increasing importance. The purpose of this qualitative study is to identify strategies for enhancing the physical learning environment of elementary schools for girls in District 2 of Ahvaz, as perceived by school principals.
Research methodology: This research was conducted using a qualitative approach and thematic analysis based on Braun and Clarke’s six-phase model. From the perspective of its purpose, the study is applied in nature; in terms of method, it is qualitative; and in terms of implementation, it is field-based. The statistical population included all female elementary school principals in District 2 of Ahvaz during the 2023–2024 academic year. Participants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling until theoretical saturation was reached, resulting in semi-structured interviews with 21 principals. The interview questions were evaluated for face and content validity by subject-matter experts. To ensure the reliability of the data analysis, inter-coder agreement was used; 30% of the data were independently coded by a second researcher, resulting in an agreement rate of 85%. After coding and analysis, the data were categorized into six thematic areas: physical development, social development, cognitive development, emotional development, improvement of environmental conditions, and enhancement of teaching and learning.
Findings: Based on the findings, the most important basis for the solutions provided by the school administrators is to pay attention to all the factors affecting the physical, social, mental and emotional growth and teaching and learning of students. And these solutions include: paying attention to the active role of the learner, facilitating learning according to the variety of learning materials and resources, using happy colors, paying attention to landscaping and flexibility of space, creating informal social environments, paying attention to temperature, ventilation, light and noise. Interior architecture and classroom layout, play spaces, personal spaces, public learning space.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Motivation
  • learning
  • physical space

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رهبری آموزشی کاربردی
دوره 6، شماره 2
تیر 1404
صفحه 45-66

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 بهمن 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 خرداد 1404

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