طراحی الگوی جامع و اثربخش سنجش تکوینی برای فیزیک دوره متوسطه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مطالعات برنامه درسی دانشگاه خوارزمی

2 دانشیار گروه مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی

3 استادیار گروه مطالعات برنامه ریزی درسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه خوارزمی

4 دانشیار گروه مطالعات برنامه ریزی درسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه خوارزمی

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: سنجش تکوینی یکی از موثرترین روش‌های بهبود یادگیری و آموزش است و از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه‌ی الگوی اثربخش سنجش تکوینی برنامه‌ی درسی فیزیک دوره‌ی متوسطه انجام شده است.
روش‌شناسی پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و با استفاده از روش تحقیق کیفی از نوع تحلیل محتوا انجام شده است. گروه هدف مورد مطالعه اسناد برنامه‌ی درسی فیزیک دوره‌ی متوسطه بود. با توجه به ماهیت پژوهش کیفی از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند استفاده شد. نمونه‌ی مورد مطالعه برنامه‌ی درسی رسمی فیزیک شامل سند برنامه‌ی درسی، راهنمای معلم و کتاب‌های فیزیک هر سه پایه‌ی دهم، یازدهم و دوازدهم در هر دو رشته‌ی علوم تجربی و ریاضی و فیزیک بود. ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات نیز یادداشت‌برداری از اسناد مورد مطالعه بود. برای تحلیل داده‌ها نیز از نرم‌افزار اطلس تی آی که بر مبنای روش NCT کار می‌کند، استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته­های پژوهش نشان داد که الگوی سنجش تکوینی ارائه شده برای برنامه‌ی درسی فیزیک دوره‌ی دوم متوسطه به شرح زیر است: یادگیری معکوس، سنجش تکوینی اولیه توسط معلم یا هم‌یار او، تدریس و حل مثال‌های گوناگون (انجام آزمایش)، سنجش تکوینی ثانویه توسط معلم، سنجش تکوینی عمیق شامل طراحی و حل سوال مرتبط با پدیده‌های اطراف توسط دانش‌آموزان به صورت فردی یا گروهی و برگه‌های خروج.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این پژوهش می­تواند به عنوان مبنایی برای سنجش و ارزیابی درس فیزیک در مدارس دوره‌ی متوسطه مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a comprehensive and effective formative assessment model for high school physics

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mina Salimian Rizi 1
  • masoud geramipour 2
  • ali Hosseinikhah 3
  • Marjan Kian 4
1 Doctoral student of Curriculum Studies, Kharazmi University
2 Associate Professor, Department of Curriculum Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Curriculum Planning Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Khwarazmi University
4 Associate Professor, Department of Curriculum Planning Studies, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Khwarazmi University
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: Potential formative assessment is one of the most effective ways to improve learning and teaching, and therefore it can be said that it is of great importance. Therefore, the current research has been done with the aim of providing an effective formative assessment model for high school physics curriculum.
research methodology: The current research has been carried out in terms of practical purpose and using qualitative research method of content analysis type. The target group of the study was the high school physics curriculum documents. Due to the nature of the qualitative research, the purposeful sampling method was used. The studied sample of the official physics curriculum included the curriculum document, teacher's guide, and physics books for all three grades of 10th, 11th, and 12th grades in both fields of experimental sciences, mathematics, and physics. The data collection tool was also taking notes from the studied documents. Atlas TI software based on NCT method was used for data analysis.
Findings: The findings of the research showed that the model of formative assessment presented for the high school physics curriculum is as follows: reverse learning, primary formative assessment by the teacher or his assistant, teaching and solving various examples (doing experiments), secondary formative assessment by the teacher, deep formative assessment including designing and solving questions related to surrounding phenomena by students individually or in groups and exit sheets.
Conclusion: The results of this research can be used as a basis for measuring and evaluating physics courses in secondary schools of the country.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Formative assessment
  • physics
  • secondary course
  • curriculum
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