مدل معادلات ساختاری پیش بینی درگیری شغلی براساس سبک رهبری خدمتگزار با میانجی گری کار معنادار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 ایران، تبریز، دانشگاه تبریز، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، گروه علوم تربیتی، استاد تمام مطالعات برنامه درسی

10.22098/ael.2025.16988.1554

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر سبک رهبری خدمتگزار بر درگیری شغلی معلمان ابتدایی شهرستان بستان آباد پرداخته است. درگیری شغلی از ابعاد مهم عملکرد آموزشی است که مطالعه آن در ارتباط با سبک‌های رهبری و تجربه معناداری کار، زمینه‌ساز فهم دقیق‌تر روابط حرفه‌ای در محیط مدرسه خواهد بود.
روش‌شناسی پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی، کمی و توصیفی همبستگی (مدل معادلات ساختاری) است. جامعه آماری شامل 380 معلم مقطع ابتدایی شهرستان بستان آباد در سال تحصیلی 1404-1403 بود. حجم نمونه آماری 198 نفر بود که با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه مطالعه سودیبجو و ریانتینی (2024) گردآوری و با کمک نرم‌افزارهای SPSS 26 و PLS 3.2.8 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد رهبری خدمتگزار با ضریب 0.337 و سطح معناداری 0.0001 با کار معنادار رابطه مثبت و معنی داری دارد؛ کار معنادار با ضریب 0.688 و سطح معناداری 0.0001 با درگیری شغلی رابطه مثبت و معنی داری دارد؛ رهبری خدمتگزار با ضریب 0.118 و سطح معناداری 0.014 با درگیری شغلی رابطه مثبت و معناداری دارد؛ و رهبری خدمتگزار با ضریب 0.232 و سطح معناداری 0.0001 از طریق کار معنادار رابطه مثبت و معنی داری با درگیری شغلی دارد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج توصیه می شود مدیران، رویکرد رهبری خدمتگزار را در مدیریت خود مورد توجه قرار دهند و با ایجاد فضای حمایتی و مشارکتی در مدارس و القای ارزشمندی اهداف شغلی و سازمانی، در افزایش احساس معناداری کار در معلمان و بهبود درگیری شغلی و کیفیت کار آنان موثر باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Structural Equation Model Of Predicting Work Engagement Based on Servant Leadership Style with the Mediating Role of Meaningful Work

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hannaneh Beheshti 1
  • Firooz Mahmoodi 2
1 Tabriz university
2 Iran, Tabriz, University of Tabriz, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Department of Educational Sciences, Professor of Curriculum Studies
چکیده [English]

Background and Objective: This study investigates the impact of servant leadership style on the job engagement of primary school teachers in Bostanabad County. Work engagement constitutes a key dimension of educational performance, and its examination in relation to leadership styles and meaningful work experiences provides a foundation for deeper insight into professional relationships within school environments.
Research Methodology: This applied, quantitative, and correlational study—based on the structural equation modeling approach—was conducted among 380 primary school teachers in Bostanabad County during the 1403–1404 academic year. A sample of 198 teachers was selected through a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using the questionnaire developed by Sudibjo and Riantini (2024), and analyzed with SPSS 26 and PLS 3.2.8 software.
Findings: The results indicate that servant leadership positively influences the perceived meaningfulness of work (β = 0.337, p = 0.0001), which, in turn, positively impacts work engagement (β = 0.688, p = 0.0001). Additionally, servant leadership directly affects work engagement (β = 0.118, p = 0.014). The mediation analysis shows that servant leadership indirectly influences work engagement through meaningful work (β = 0.232, p = 0.0001).
Conclusion: Based on these findings, it is recommended that school principals adopt a servant leadership approach to create a supportive and participatory environment, enhancing the meaningfulness of work and ultimately improving teachers' work engagement and educational quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • درگیری شغلی
  • رهبری خدمتگزار
  • کار معنادار
  • معلمان ابتدایی

مراجع

Abdolvahabi, S., & Rahimi, H. (2024). The explanation of teacher’s job engagement based on school’s ethical climate and quality of work life (study case: teachers in Kashan City). Education Strategy in Medical Sciences, 17(2), 149-158. Retrieved from link [Persian].  http://edcbmj.ir/article-1-2846-fa.html
Abedinya, A. (2020). Relationship between leadership styles of educational and training leaders with job satisfaction of multigrade primary school teachers in Talesh city. Applied Educational Leadership, 1(1), 29-42 [Persian]. https://ael.uma.ac.ir/article_965.html
Albrecht, S., Green, C.R., & Marty, A. (2021). Meaningful work, job resources, and employee engagement. Deakin University. Journal of Control. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/7/4045
Allan, B.A., Batz-Barbarich, C., Sterling, H.M., & Tay, L. (2018). Outcomes of Meaningful Work: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Management Studies, 56(3), 500-528.  https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12406
Amjad Zbardastat, M., Azizi, S.K., & Shariati, O. (2019). Organizational climate as a mediator between servant leadership of school principals and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of School Administration, 7(1), 40-63. [Persian]. http://noo.rs/pQTC6
Antoniou, A.S., Pavlidou, K., Charitaki, G., & Alevriadou, A. (2022). Profiles of Teachers’ Work Engagement in Special Education: The Impact of Burnout and Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/1034912X.2022.2144810
Asih, W.P., Agung, A.A.G., Ariawan, I.P.W., & Werang, B.R. (2023). The Effect of Servant Leadership, Work Ethics, Organizational Culture, and Organizational Commitment on Teacher Performance in State Vocational High School in Denpasar City. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 14(1), 127-132. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.14.01.15
Atun, T., Waldatun, Hanafi, M., Faturohman, N., & Erlangga, F. (2023). The Effects of Servant Leadership, Supervision Competence, and Work Loyalty on Teacher Performance. Ideguru Journal of Teacher Scientific Works, 9, 365-376. https://doi.org/10.51169/ideguru.v9i1.856
 Blustein, D.L., Lysova, E.I., & Duffy, R.D. (2023). Understanding decent work and meaningful work. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10, 289-314. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031921-024847
Cai, W., Lysova, E.I., Khapova, S.N., & Bossink, B.A.G. (2018). Servant leadership and innovative work behavior in Chinese high-tech firms: A moderated mediation model of meaningful work and job autonomy. Frontiers in Psychology, 9(5). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01767
Canavesi, A., & Minelli, E. (2021). Servant leadership and employee engagement: A qualitative study. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 34(4), 413-435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-021-09389-9
Chin, W. W. (2010). Handbook of Partial Least Squares. In: V. Esposito Vinzi, W.W. Chin, J. Henseler, H.Wang, (Eds), Handbook of Partial Least Squares (pp. 655-690). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_29.
Dadashi, M., & Pali, S. (2023). Presenting a structural model of job performance based on communication skills with the mediation of job conflict in primary school teachers. Management Education Perspectives, 5(1), 42-66 [Persian].  https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.27169820.1402.5.1.4.2
 Darabi, E., Abedin, A., Azadi, S., & Azizifar, P. (2023). Predicting job engagement based on curriculum planning literacy, transformational teaching, teaching self-efficacy and communication skills in elementary school teachers. Teaching and Learning Research, 20(1), 99-112. https://doi.org/10.22070/tlr.2023.17965.1455.  [Persian].
Dijkstra, T.K., & Henseler, J. (2015). Consistent and asymptotically normal PLS estimators for linear structural equations. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, 81, 10-23. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167947314002126
Fathi, J., Ahmadnejad, M., & Salehi, M. (2021). Investigating the relationship between principals’ educational leadership, teachers’ collective efficacy, and teachers’ job satisfaction: A structural equation model approach. Journal of School Administration. [Persian]. https://sid.ir/paper/964250/fa
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 39-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
Fouché, E., Rothmann, S.S., & van der Vyver, C. (2017). Antecedents and outcomes of meaningful work among school teachers. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 43, a1398. https://sajip.co.za/index.php/sajip/article/view/1398
Ghafouri, K., Rajaipour, S., & Karimianpour, G. (2021). The mediating role of work conscientiousness in the relationship between perceived organizational support and job involvement. Applied Educational Leadership, 2(3), 49-62. https://doi.org/10.22098/ael.2021.154  [Persian].
Ghasemzadeh, F., Farhang Fallah, H., & Abbasi, D. (2024). The effect of servant leadership on innovative work behaviors considering the mediating role of work meaningfulness in knowledge-based companies. Industrial and Organizational Psychology Studies, 11(1), 95-108 [Persian]. https://jiops.scu.ac.ir/article_19191.html
Gholami, K., Shirbeigi, N., & Hajizadeh, S. (2014). Servant leadership style among school principals; a case study of Sanandaj city. Cultural Strategy, 7(27), 139-160. Retrieved from link [Persian]. https://www.sid.ir/paper/149268/fa
Hair, J.F., Hult, G.M., Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236032728_A_Primer_on_Partial_Least_Squares_Structural_Equation_Modeling
Hermanto, Y., & Srimulyani, V. (2022). The Relationship between Servant Leadership and Work Engagement: An Organizational Justice as a Mediator. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 11, 403. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0061.
Hidayat, D., Maitimo, V.V.S., & Suwu, S.E. (2020). Increasing Teachers’ Work Engagement Through Servant Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Job Satisfaction. Journal of Psychology and Pedagogy, 53(1), 90-100. Retrieved from https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JPP/article/view/24911.
Karataş, E., & Özdemir, M. (2022). Examining the relationship between meaningful work and job engagement. Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 15(3), 676-698 [Turkish]. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1053090
Khodamoradi, T., Hajilo, F., & Galbi, F. (2012). Investigating the relationship between academic self-efficacy and social self-efficacy among senior high school students and its related factors. Research in Education and Learning, 19(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.22070/TLR.2023.16862.1339
Kibambila, V.K. (2024). Job characteristics and work engagement among secondary school teachers: the moderating role of co-worker support. ABMJ. Retrieved from https://journals.udom.ac.tz/index.php/abmj/article/view/29.
Kolayi, G., Zahed Babalan, A., Moeinikia, M., & Rezaei Sharif, A. (2019). Modeling the leadership of school principals on teachers’ job satisfaction through school culture, empowerment and job characteristics. Management Planning in Educational Systems, 12(1), 212-238. https://doi.org/10.29252/mpes.12.1.212 [Persian].
Kordi, E., & Nastizaei, N. (2015). The relationship between servant leadership style and organizational learning with job satisfaction of teachers in special schools. Career and Organizational Counseling, 7(23), 68-91 [Persian]. https://jcoc.sbu.ac.ir/article_99448.html
Krejcie, R.V., & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
Listyani, L., & Tung, K. (2024). Impact of Servant Leadership, Self-Efficacy and Work Stress on Teachers’ Performance at Christian School. Journal of Paedagogy, 11(4), 816-827. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/jp.v11i4.13021
Lysova, E.I., Allan, B.A., Dik, B.J., Duffy, R.D., & Steger, M.F. (2019). Fostering meaningful work in organizations: A multi-level review and integration. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110(Part B), 374-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.07.004
McTigue, E.M., Jensen, M.T., Gourvennec, A.F., & Solheim, O.J. (2024). The role of school leader support on teacher’s engagement during intervention implementation. International Journal of Leadership in Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2024.2358038
 Mohamad Pour Eslamlu, B., Nikbakhsh, R., Afarinesh Khaki, A., & Sharififar, F. (2021). The Role of Employees’ Psychological Capital in Impact of Authentic Leadership, Work Meaningfulness, and Supportive Organizational Climate with Job Satisfaction. Journal of Healthcare and Preventive Medicine, 10(1), 124-139. http://jhpm.ir/article-1-1344-en.html
Mosavi, Z., & Sah Hosseini, M.S. (2016). The relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction with mental health of Shiraz University staff in 2014-2015. Journal of Science, 2(14), 17-29. http://psj.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-195-fa.pdf.
Panaccio, A., Henderson, D.J., Liden, R.C., Wayne, S.J., & Cao, X. (2014). Toward an understanding of when and why servant leadership accounts for employee extra-role behaviors. Journal of Business and Psychology, 30(4), 657-675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-014-9388-z
Safari, O., & Safari, Gh. (2024). Determining the relationship between professional growth and organizational credibility with job involvement in teachers of the first secondary level of Mamsani city. Interdisciplinary Studies in Education, 3(2), 5-16. https://doi.org/10.22034/ISE.2024.15902.1090  [Persian].
Sahranarv, M., Chaji, A., Askarinia, M., & Mirkazemi, E. (2024). Investigating the relationship between managers’ servant leadership style on organizational knowledge and sports performance of physical education teachers. Sports Management, 2(6), 77-82 [Persian]. https://lajournal.ir/fa/paper.php?pid=124
Saleem, F., Zhang, Y.Z., Gopinath, C., & Adeel, A. (2020). Impact of servant leadership on performance: The mediating role of affective and cognitive trust. SAGE Open, 10(1), https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019900562
Sánchez-Franco, M.J., Martínez-López, F., & Martín-Velicia, F.A. (2009). Exploring the impact of individualism and uncertainty avoidance in Web-based electronic learning: An empirical analysis in European higher education. Computers & Education, 52(3), 588-598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2008.11.006
Hai, T., & Van, Q. (2021). Servant leadership styles: A theoretical approach. Emerging Science Journal, 5(2), 245–256. https://doi.org/10.28991/esj-2021-01273
 Sudibjo, N., & Riantini, M.G.D. (2023). Factors affecting teachers’ work engagement: The case of private school teachers in Jakarta Metropolitan, Indonesia. Revista Iberoamericana de Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación, 21(1), 119-137. https://doi.org/10.15366/reice2023.21.1.006
Van Wingerden, J., & Poell, R. F. (2019). Meaningful work and resilience among teachers: The mediating role of work engagement and job crafting. PLoS ONE, 14(9), e0222518. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222518
Yari Gholi Behbood, Golmohammadnejad Bahrami Gholamreza, & Fazli Mehdi. (2019). The relationship between ethical climate, perceived organizational justice and job engagement with the mediating role of teachers’ professional ethics. Journal of School Administration, 7(3), 235-251. Available from: https://doi.org/10.34785/J010.1398.784  [Persian].
Zavar, T., Shaban Basim, F., & Mehdizadeh, J. (2022). Predicting teachers’ job performance based on psychological empowerment and principals’ leadership style. New Educational Thoughts, 17(1), 153-173. Available from: https://doi.org/10.22051/jontoe.202
Zhao, D., Li, Q., & Cao, Z. (2024). Workplace democracy and work engagement in elementary and secondary schools: A moderated mediation model. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 33, 347-359. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-023-00733-1

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 تیر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 تیر 1404

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار